לשכת המדען הראשי
משרד החינוך

לשכת המדען הראשי
משרד החינוך

הערכה מעצבת

Formative Evaluation

משפחת מונחים: הערכה, למידה והוראה, מיומנויות
מופיע בדוחות: הכשרה, הערכה, פדגוגיה

פעולות הערכה הנעשות במהלך הלמידה או במהלך פיתוח של תכנית או של תוצר כלשהו, והיא נועדה לספק מידע לצורכי שינוי או שיפור הלמידה. הערכה מעצבת מתייחסת לביצוע מסוים של הלומד, כך שיבין מה עליו לעשות כדי לשפר את איכות ביצועיו.

הערכה שבבסיסה, קידום ועיצוב תהליכי הלמידה וההוראה (לוי-ורד, 2019). מכאן שבגישת הערכה זו אין התמקדות בהערכת התוצר, אלא בהערכת התהליך (בירנבוים, יועד, כ"ץ וקימרון, 2004). הערכה זו מהווה למעשה כלי לתמוך בלמידה על מנת את איכות תהליך הלמידה-ההוראה ומכאן גם את תוצאותיה באמצעות זיהוי צרכי הלמידה והתאמת ההוראה לצרכים אלו. ניתן לבצע הערכה מעצבת באמצעות מתן מטלות נוספות דומות כגון תיק עבודות או תוצרי פרויקטים והזדמנויות נוספות להגשות לצורך שיפור תוצרי הלמידה.

בירנבוים, מ. (2007). הערכה לשם למידה. הד החינוך, 81(7), 46-40.

לוי-ורד, ע' (2019). לפרוץ את גבולות ההערכה באקדמיה – הצעת עקרונות יישומיים להערכת הלמידה. רב-גוונים: מחקר ושיח, גיליון בנושא למידה פעילה ומערבת בהשכלה הגבוהה, 252-223.

בירנבוים, מ', – יועד, צ', כ""ץ, ש' וקימרון, ה' (2004), יחידה 2: עקרונות ה- הל""ה (הוראה-למידה-הערכה) החלופית. מתוך בהבניה מתמדת – סביבה לפיתוח מקצועי של מורים בנושא תרבות הל""ה המטפחת הכוונה עצמית בלמידה.

מונחים קשורים

MOOC | Massive open online course

קורס פתוח, מקוון ומרובה משתתפים, בו מספר המשתתפים לא-מוגבל וההזדמנות ללמוד בו פתוחה לכל מי שיש לו גישה לאינטרנט.

MORE | Massive Online Remote Education

חינוך מאסיבי, מקוון-מרחוק, במסגרתו מערכות חינוך שלמות עוברות מלמידה פנים אל פנים ללמידה מקוונת, תוך שמירה על מסגרות קיימות.

אבחון מאפייני הלמידה של התלמיד

קביעת מצב ההישגים של התלמיד על פי ניתוח קשיי הלמידה שלו, והצעת תכנית עבודה הבנויה על תוצאות ניתוח הקשיים.

אווטאר

דמות אלקטרונית המייצגת משתמש מחשב ומופעלת על ידיו במשחקי מחשב, בסביבות למידה וירטואליות תלת-ממדיות.

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